{"id":50706,"date":"2019-10-05T11:29:43","date_gmt":"2019-10-05T11:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wagingnonviolence.org\/rs\/?p=50706"},"modified":"2020-01-12T22:57:09","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T22:57:09","slug":"why-we-need-resistance-studies-today","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wagingnonviolence.org\/rs\/2019\/10\/why-we-need-resistance-studies-today\/","title":{"rendered":"Why we need resistance studies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

This could be the Golden Age for the study of resistance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For starters, we are going to need a great deal of nonviolent resistance to cope with the coming climate warming crisis. Our political system and our public institutions are ill-equipped to make the kind of revolutionary changes to the economic system we are going to need to respond to the climate catastrophe. The public institutions we need to help with this have been underfunded for decades; tax avoidance, along with the under-taxing of corporations and the wealthy, has left politicians with insufficient resources to undertake the necessary measures. Turning industrialised and industrialising countries into carbon neutral, green economies will require vast investment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Crowds gather for the Climate Strike in Otago, New Zealand on September 26. (WNV \/ Richard Jackson)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In other words, there is currently an adaptive\ncapacity gap: the amount of adaption we are going to require to respond to\nclimate change far outstrips the institutional and material resource capacities\nwe currently have at our disposal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adding to this problem is that, as a 2014 Princeton Study<\/a> demonstrated, \u2018the general public has little or no\nindependent influence\u2019 on policymaking, at least in the U.S., while \u2018economic\nelites\u2019 have a \u2018quite substantial, highly significant, independent impact on\npolicy.\u2019 In other words, the political system, certainly in most advanced\ncapitalist countries, is captured by the very class who benefit most from its\ncontinuation and the current status quo. It is therefore unlikely to\nvoluntarily undertake the radical transformation of the system which benefits\nthe rich and powerful, and which is responsible for climate warming. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This\nis the democratic deficit which prevents the political class from making the\nnecessary policy changes and transfering wealth back to public institutions. At\npresent, the political class are more indebted to, and more fearful of\nupsetting, their wealthy sponsors than to the public who elect them. This is\none of the reasons why increasing taxes on corportations and the super-rich is\nviewed as politically impossible by most political parties in Western\ncountries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What this means is that, as George Monbiot<\/a> recently expressed it,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“The political class\u2026 is strategically incapable of addressing even short-term crises, let alone a vast existential predicament. [\u2026] Those who govern the nation and shape public discourse cannot be trusted with the preservation of life on Earth. There is no benign authority preserving us from harm. No one is coming to save us. None of us can justifiably avoid the call to come together to save ourselves.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

In other words, we can\u2019t rely on the political class\nto develop sensible, evidence-based policies to restructure the economy and save\nthe planet. Our only remaining option is to come together to save ourselves. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

We will need mass civil disobedience, rebellion and\nresistance in order to compel governments and corporations into making radical\nchanges to society and the way capitalism operates, because they will not act\ndecisively without the coercive pressure of mass nonviolent resistance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Protesters at the Climate Strike in Otago, New Zealand on September 26, 2019. (WNV \/ Richard Jackson)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Environmental justice groups like Extinction Rebellion\nare already starting to show the way forward in this regard, but we will need\nmuch more resistance over the next few decades to make significant progress in\nrestructuring society. The study of resistance will be important as we try to\nbetter understand what kind of resistance works, how to build resilient social\nmovements that can overcome government and corporate resistance to radical change,\nand how to construct local communities characterised by sustainability, as well\nas social and climate justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another reason why the study of resistance is coming\ninto its golden age is because resistance is currently growing around the world.\nAs we discuss in a forthcoming edited volume<\/a> on revolutionary nonviolence, the past two decades have witnessed a\nhuge proliferation of educational and activist organisations around the world\ndedicated to the study and practice of nonviolent resistance and unarmed\ninsurrection. There are now thousands of local and global activist groups and\nmovements working for progressive social and environmental change across\ndifferent areas in virtually every country. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Crucially, these groups and organisations are coming\ntogether to form global networks linking many thousands of scholars and\nactivists to share information and resources, engage in nonviolent training,\nand support and coordinate civil resistance and social-change campaigns in\ndifferent countries. Waging Nonviolence, among others, is an important example\nof this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, the past two decades have also\nwitnessed a genuine surge in the number of major nonviolent movements for\nsocial and political change, including major revolutions like the Arab Spring,\nthe Occupy movement and the Colour Revolutions in Europe. Alongside this, there\nhas been an increase and spread of uprisings and urban revolts across the world,\nmotivated in large part by increased wealth inequality and social exclusion. From\n2001 to the present day, major disturbances and mass resistance have been seen\nin cities like Cincinnati, Paris, Athens, London, Stockholm, Istanbul,\nFerguson, Baltimore, and Milwaukee and Charlotte \u2013 as well as urban revolts in\nCairo, Sao Paulo, Madrid, Berlin, Tel Aviv, Khartoum and many other places. The\nrebellion in Hong Kong<\/a> this month is an important\nexample of these kinds of movements which are proliferating around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The point is that these movements are growing and\ncreating the conditions for radical transformations in politics and power. They\nare demonstrating new ways of doing politics, and in the process, they are forging\nnew forms of collective power beyond the confines and limits of traditional\nparty politics. In many cases, these nonviolent movements and unarmed\nrebellions are going far beyond simply making demands on the political system. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Protesters at the Climate Strike in Otago, New Zealand. (WNV \/ Richard Jackson)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In addition to demonstrating and protesting, they are also\nbuilding new kinds of communities, new economic systems and new ways of living\nand being. This kind of prefiguration is creating new sources of agency and\npower, and opening up spaces for wider political participation and deeper forms\nof democracy than the current systems can presently accommodate. It is\ntransforming our understanding of what counts as politics, and what social\njustice entails.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In short, there is a global transformation under way which is changing politics, power and protest. It needs to be studied and better understood, for both analytical and normative reasons. Not only do we need to know how and why our world is changing, but nonviolent resistance might be the best hope we have of meeting and dealing with the overwhelming challenges the world is currently facing. Climate change on its own is a vast existential crisis, but it has in turn intensified other destructive processes, from extreme wealth inequality, to populism and hyper-nationalism, to the refugee crisis, water conflict, and more. We will need to better understand the strengths, weaknesses, pitfalls and opportunities of popular resistance in order to more effectively deal with these interlocking and evolving challenges. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The golden age of resistance is at our doorstep.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The challenges we face are daunting. That’s why we need Resistance Studies now more than ever.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":606,"featured_media":50757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,30],"tags":[17,75],"region":[],"series":[],"article_type":[],"class_list":["post-50706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-democracy","category-environment","tag-climate-change","tag-protests"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhy we need resistance studies - Resistance Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The challenges we face are daunting. 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